What we learn from 2 Peter 2:4-7

For if God spared not the angels that sinned, but cast them down to hell [tartaroo] and delivered them into chains of darkness, to be reserved unto judgment; And spared not the old world, but saved Noah the eighth person,1The phrase “Noah the eighth,” means Noah, one of eight; that is, Noah and seven others. Albert Barnes’ Notes on the Bible. 2 Peter 2:5. (Electronic Version) A Greek. idiom for himself and seven others. E. W. Bullinger’s Companion Bible Notes. 2 Peter 2:5 (Electronic Versions) a preacher of righteousness, bringing in the flood upon the world of the ungodly; And turning the cities of Sodom and Gomorrha into ashes condemned them with an overthrow, making them an ensample unto those that after should live ungodly; And delivered just Lot, vexed with the filthy conversation of the wicked: (2Pe 2:4-7)

For if God messengers who sinned did not spare, but with chains of thick gloom, having cast them down to Tartarus, did deliver them to judgment, having been reserved, and the old world did not spare, but the eighth person, Noah, of righteousness a preacher, did keep, a flood on the world of the impious having brought, and the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah having turned to ashes, with an overthrow did condemn, an example to those about to be impious having set them ; (2Pe 2:4-6 – YLT)

  1. We know that Peter is making reference to events surrounding the flood:
    1. “spared not the old world”
    2.  “bringing in the flood upon the world of the ungodly…”
  2. Angels is “messenger”
    1. (Jam 2:25) Likewise also was not Rahab the harlot justified by works, when she had received the messengers, [aggelos] and had sent them out another way?
    2. sinned:
      1. he does not tell us in what way they sinned but does tie their punishment to the punishment of Sodom and Gomorrah.
      2. He does not tell us when this event took place.
    3. delivered to tartaroo
      1. Here only in NT
      2. Same as “abyss” in Luke 8:31? “And they besought him that he would not command them to go out into the deep.”12 (abyss)
    4. “deep” in Romans 10:7
    5. “bottomless pit” in Rev. 9:1; 9:2; 9:11; 11:7; 17:8; 20:1; 20:3;
  3. In Greek mythology Tartarus is a place in the underworld — even lower than Hades.
  4. In Roman mythology Tartarus is the place where sinners are sent. Virgil describes it in the Aeneid as a gigantic place, surrounded by the flaming river Phlegethon and triple walls to avoid sinners escaping from it.
  5. Tartarus comes from the Greek word Tartaroo which is used only once in the New Testament in 2 Peter 2:4.
  6. Most English versions, such as the KJV, NASB, NIV, and ESV, translate the word as “Hell.”
  7. According to Thayer’s Greek Definitions, Tartaroo is “the name of the subterranean region, doleful and dark, regarded by the ancient Greeks as the abode of the wicked dead, where they suffer punishment for their evil deeds; it answers to Gehenna of the Jews.”

What we learn from Jude 6-7:

Jude 1:6-7 And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, he hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day. (7) Even as Sodom and Gomorrha, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire.

messengers also, those who did not keep their own principality, but did leave their proper dwelling, to a judgment of a great day, in bonds everlasting, under darkness He hath kept, as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities around them, in like manner to these, having given themselves to whoredom, and gone after other flesh, have been set before–an example, of fire age-during, justice suffering.(Jud 1:6-7 — YLT)

  1. “Angels” is “messengers”
  2. “kept” [5083]
    1. “kept” is keep an eye on; guard over; protect
      1. “Now when the centurion, and they that were with him, watching [5083] Jesus, saw the earthquake, and those things that were done, they feared greatly, saying, Truly this was the Son of God.” (Mat 27:54)
      2. And for fear of him the keepers [5083] did shake, and became as dead men. (Mat 28:4)
      3. And the very God of peace sanctify you wholly; and I pray God your whole spirit and soul and body be preserved [5083] blameless unto the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. (1Th 5:23)
  3. “first estate”
    1. archē
      1. from root word meaning “to be first (in political rank or power):”
      2. Wikipedia: “the beginning or the first principle of the world.”
        • In the ancient Greek philosophy, arche (ἀρχή) is the beginning or the first principle of the world. The idea of an arche was first philosophized by Thales of Miletus, who claimed that the first principle of all things is water. His theory was supported by the observation of moisture throughout the world and coincided with his theory that the earth floated on water.
        • Arche is the Causeless Cause and the Unmoved Mover of Aristotle, and also the Monad of Plotinus. It is beyond time and therefore there is no “beginning”. It is the eternally present “I am”. It is the First Principle, the undifferentiated unity of being. It is the Source of which nothing can be said but from which everything emanates. Time is its creation therefore it is timeless.
        • According to Aristotle and Theophrastus, the first Greek philosophers were looking for the ‘origin’ or ‘principle’ (the Greek word ‘arche’ has both meanings) of all things.
      3. in Ephesians and Colosians it is “principalities”
      4. so that for which they were created. Their principle position.

 

 

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